ARCHIVES (2016)


Do roku 2016 raport oznaczony numerem 1 był tworzony za okres od 1 kwietnia do 31 maja. Od roku 2017 analizy są wykonywane o dekadę wcześniej czyli 1 raport oznacza okres od 21 marca do 20 maja

Communication report regarding the incidences of drought conditions in Poland

Year: 2016; period: 06 (21.V - 20.VII)

The Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation – State Research Institute, in accordance with an Act from the Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development has developed the climatic water balance for all 2478 Polish local districts and, on the basis of soil categories, calculated the current risk of agricultural drought for the following crops: winter and spring cereals, grain maize and maize for silage, potato, sugar beet, hops, tobacco, ground vegetables, fruit shrubs and trees, strawberries and legumes.

In the sixth reporting period, i.e. from May 21 to July 20, IUNG-PIB stated no risk of agricultural drought conditions in Poland. The Climatic Water Balance values, which are the basis for assessing the risk of agricultural drought, are negative for the majority of areas. However, for the aforementioned crops the values are higher than critical.

In the current sixty-day period the lowest Climatic Water Balance values have been registered in the southern part of Mazowiecka Lowland, in Lubelska Upland and in the north-western part of Małopolska Upland. At present, the lowest Climatic Water Balance values in these areas range from -120 to -179 mm.

In the period from May 21 to July 20, 2016 the Climatic Water Balance values in Poland have increased, on average, by 33 mm in comparison to the previous reporting period.

In June the lowest temperature, about 15°C, was recorded in the first decade of the month. The highest temperature was recorded in the west and north-west of Poland (ranging from 17 to 18.5°C). In the following decades the temperature has risen in the whole country and on average it exceeded 18.5°C (14°C was the lowest temperature in the north of the country in the second decade and the highest temperature 22.5°C was recorded in the south-eastern part of Poland in the third decade). June was very warm this year. In the vast majority of the country the temperature recorded exceeded the multiannual average by 2-3°C.

In the first decade of July slight fluctuations in air temperature occurred. In the vast area of northern Poland the temperature ranged from 16 to 17.5°C, the lower and further towards south, the warmer. In central and southern Poland the temperature ranged from 17.5 to 18.5°C. The second decade of July in comparison to the previous one was characterised by slightly higher variations in air temperature. Temperature exceeding 19°C was recorded in Dolnośląskie Voivodship, in the central area between Silesian lowland and Oleśnicka Plain, in the southern part of Lubelskie Voivodship and in the eastern part of Podkarpackie Voivodship. In the central part of Poland temperature ranged from 18 to 19°C from Lubuskie Lake District, through Wielkopolskie, Kujawskie and Dobrzyńskie Lake Districts, Warszawska Basin, Mazowiecka Lowland and Południowopodlaska Lowland, as far as to Lubelska Upland. In the north-western part of Poland the temperature has slightly risen by 0.5°C, and in the north-eastern region the increase of temperature ranged from 0.5°C in Suwalskie Lake District to 1.5°C to the north of the Great Mazurian Lake District. In central Poland in the area of Małopolska Upland the temperature has fallen, on average, by 1°C and ranged from 17.5 to 18°C and from 17 to -17.5°C in Krakowsko-Częstochowska Upland. In the centre of northern Poland as well as in the area of Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains the temperature remained unchanged.

The precipitation in June widely varied throughout the country. Relatively high precipitation occurred in the north-west of Poland and in the area between the Silesian and Małopolska Uplands, Mazowiecka Lowland, as far as to Mazurskie Lake District and ranged from 20 to 60 mm (40-80% of the multiannual average) and here and there from 60 to100 mm (80-120% of the norm). Relatively low and very low precipitation on the other hand was recorded in the rest of the country and ranged from 5 to 20 mm (the lowest precipitation being recorded in the area of south-eastern Poland - not exceeding 10mm - and in the area of north-western part of the country). Such great variations in the amount of precipitation throughout the country resulted from the stormy character of rainfalls, which is why the areas with very high precipitation occurred right next to the low precipitation regions.

The first decade of July was characterised by very high precipitation, ranging from 40 to more than 100 mm in the north of Poland. In the north-east of the country it was lower, from 40 to 60 mm. In the vast majority of the country precipitation ranged from 10 to 40 mm.

In the second decade of July precipitation in Poland was more diversified in comparison to the previous decade, due to its stormy character. The heaviest rainfalls were recorded in three main areas. In the first one, from Karkonosze, through Trzebnickie Hills, Gnieźnieńskie, Krajeńskie and Bytowskie Lake Districts, to Kaszubskie Lake District, precipitation ranged from 100 to more than 120 mm. In the second, from Głubczycki Plateau, through Silesian Upland, Krakowsko- Częstochowska Upland, Bełchatowska Upland, Łomżyńskie Interfluve, to Białostocka Upland, it ranged from 60 to more than 120 mm. In the third, in the east of Lubelska Upland and south-east of Podkarpackie Voivodship, precipitation was lower than in the remaining two and ranged from 40 mm to 80mm (the area of Roztocze). The lowest precipitation was recorded in Kielecka Upland, near the Świętokrzyskie Mountains, not exceeding 20 mm. In the remaining part of the country precipitation ranged from 20 to 40 mm.

In the current reporting period the water resources levels for arable crops in Poland widely vary. However, they substantially improved in the majority of areas due to heavy rainfalls in the end of the reporting period, especially in the areas where the water resources levels were the lowest.

The recent advantageous weather conditions had a beneficial influence on crops and significantly decreased the water deficiency levels.

Report prepared by:

Dr hab. Andrzej Doroszewski, prof. nadzw.

Dr hab. Rafał Pudełko

Dr Katarzyna Żyłowska

Mgr Piotr Koza

Mgr Elżbieta Wróblewska